quadragesimo anno communism

20. Quadragesimo Anno, May 15, 1931 (A.A.S., Vol. There is no recognition of any right of the individual in his relations to the collectivity; no natural right is accorded to human personality, which is a mere cog-wheel in the Communist system. For the first time in history we are witnessing a struggle, cold-blooded in purpose and mapped out to the least detail, between man and "all that is called God. It is therefore according to the dictates of reason that ultimately all material things should be ordained to man as a person, that through his mediation they may find their way to the Creator. A pseudo-ideal of justice, of equality and fraternity in labor impregnates all its doctrine and activity with a deceptive mysticism, which communicates a zealous and contagious enthusiasm to the multitudes entrapped by delusive promises. All must remember that the peoples of the earth form but one family in God. But when on the one hand We see thousands of the needy, victims of real misery for various reasons beyond their control, and on the other so many round about them who spend huge sums of money on useless things and frivolous amusement, We cannot fail to remark with sorrow not only that justice is poorly observed, but that the precept of charity also is not sufficiently appreciated, is not a vital thing in daily life. We have indicated how a sound prosperity is to be restored according to the true principles of a sane corporative system which respects the proper hierarchic structure of society; and how all the occupational groups should be fused into a harmonious unity inspired by the principle of the common good. Social and economic issues are vital to her not from a technical point of view but in terms of moral and ethical issues involved. In the Communistic commonwealth morality and law would be nothing but a derivation of the existing economic order, purely earthly in origin and unstable in character. To Our great satisfaction, Venerable Brethren, you have, by means of individual and even joint pastoral Letters, accurately transmitted and explained to the Faithful these admonitions. Describes the major dangers for Human. 39. Quadragesimo Anno (Latin for “In the 40th Year”) is an encyclical written by Pope Pius XI, issued 15 May 1931, 40 years after Leo XIII's Rerum Novarum. And how can there be talk of guarantees of conscience when all faith in God and all fear of God have vanished? XXVIII (1936), pp. 73. We wish this the more because Our words are now receiving sorry confirmation from the spectacle of the bitter fruits of subversive ideas, which We foresaw and foretold, and which are in fact multiplying fearfully in the countries already stricken, or threatening every other country of the world. This, unfortunately, is what we now behold. Its foremost duty is to foster in various attractive ways an ever better understanding of social doctrine. Its members should contribute prudently and intelligently to the study of the problems of the hour in the light of Catholic doctrine. From this it follows that a "charity" which deprives the workingman of the salary to which he has a strict title in justice, is not charity at all, but only its empty name and hollow semblance. Hence they endeavor to sharpen the antagonisms which arise between the various classes of society. . 421424. The Cardinal stated "There is nothing in the encyclical which should deter Catholics from becoming members of the British Labour Party..."[10], Franklin D. Roosevelt had high praise for the encyclical and quoted it extensively on the evils of concentrated economic power. St. Matthew, VIII, 20. 62. ENCYCLICAL OF POPE PIUS XI ON ATHEISTIC COMMUNISM TO THE PATRIARCHS, PRIMATES, ARCHBISHOPS, BISHOPS, AND OTHER ORDINARIES IN PEACE AND COMMUNION WITH THE APOSTOLIC SEE. Let see this on example of healthcare. In the first part he reviews and applauds the encyclical of his predecessor. Encycl. The directive principles concerning the social-economic order have been expounded in the social Encyclical of Leo XIII on the question of labor. However, measures taken by the State with this end in view ought to be of such a nature that they will really affect those who actually possess more than their share of capital resources, and who continue to accumulate them to the grievous detriment of others. 45. 13. It is directed from one common center. . He wants moderate socialism to distance itself from totalitarian communism as a practical matter and also on principle, in light of the dignity of the human person. 18. It is shrewdly adapted to the varying conditions of diverse peoples. Therefore We believe it to be Our duty to raise Our voice once more, in a still more solemn missive, in accord with the tradition of this Apostolic See, the Teacher of Truth, and in accord with the desire of the whole Catholic world, which makes the appearance of such a document but natural. And here We wish, Venerable Brethren, to insist more particularly on two teachings of Our Lord which have a special bearing on the present condition of the human race: detachment from earthly goods and the precept of charity. On the bases of liberalism and laicism they wished to build other social edifices which, powerful and imposing as they seemed at first, all too soon revealed the weakness of their foundations, and today are crumbling one after another before our eyes, as everything must crumble that is not grounded on the one corner stone which is Christ Jesus. We wish also to indicate its method of action and to contrast with its false principles the clear doctrine of the Church, in order to inculcate anew and with greater insistence the means by which the Christian civilization, the true civitas humana, can be saved from the satanic scourge, and not merely saved, but better developed for the well-being of human society. However, until that happy consummation is realized, the State and the powers of the State furnish Communism with the most efficacious and most extensive means for the achievement of its goal. Let them implore also the powerful intercession of the Immaculate Virgin who, having crushed the head of the serpent of old, remains the sure protectress and invincible "Help of Christians. Even human society is nothing but a phenomenon and form of matter, evolving in the same way. Let all then frequently meditate on those words of the final sentence, so consoling yet so terrifying, which the Supreme Judge will pronounce on the day of the Last Judgment: "Come, ye blessed of my Father . 4. It would have only one mission: the production of material things by means of collective labor, so that the goods of this world might be enjoyed in a paradise where each would "give according to his powers" and would "receive according to his needs." We agree that insurance companies are not always fair, sometimes they cheat, use their power etc. 69. [25] This lesson is more than ever necessary in these days of materialism athirst for the goods and pleasures of this earth. Caritate Christi, May 3, 1932 (A.A.S., vol. 51. "Be patient, therefore, brethren," we repeat with St. .lames, "until the coming of the Lord. There exists no matrimonial bond of a juridico-moral nature that is not subject to the whim of the individual or of the collectivity. peace to men . "[24] The Catholic who does not live really and sincerely according to the Faith he professes will not long be master of himself in these days when the winds of strife and persecution blow so fiercely, but will be swept away defenseless in this new deluge which threatens the world. "[9], 118 "Socialism, on the other hand, wholly ignoring and indifferent to this sublime end of both man and society, affirms that human association has been instituted for the sake of material advantage alone. 74. You have stored up to yourselves wrath against the last days. Ethics are based on religion and this is the realm where the Church meets industrial society. 3. The problem is that communism; even a “true” communism is against human nature. 82. We make this advice Our own, and faithful to the teachings of Jesus Christ and His Church, We thus complete it: "Go to the workingman, especially where he is poor; and in general, go to the poor." Man cannot be exempted from his divinely-imposed obligations toward civil society, and the representatives of authority have the right to coerce him when he refuses without reason to do his duty. 37. Freedom and Dignity arising from-unrestrained capitalism -totalitarian communism Elements that determine a Fair Wage. It is not true that all have equal rights in civil society. XIV, 1922,p.691). 78. If she subordinates the former to the latter according to the words of her divine Founder, "Seek ye first the Kingdom of God and His justice, and all these things shall be added unto you,"[18] she is nevertheless so far from being unconcerned with human affairs, so far from hindering civil progress and material advancement, that she actually fosters and promotes them in the most sensible and efficacious manner. Thus, scarcely a month ago, an eminent political figure of the Far East, a non-Christian, did not hesitate to affirm publicly that the Church, with her doctrine of peace and Christian brotherhood, is rendering a signal contribution to the difficult task of establishing and maintaining peace among the nations. XXIV (1932), pp. Indeed, how many of the poor, in anticipation of the Kingdom of Heaven already proclaimed their own: "for yours is the Kingdom of Heaven,"[31] find in these words a happiness which so many of the wealthy, uneasy with their riches and ever thirsting for more, look for in vain! But on final analysis, even in this latter function, society is made for man, that he may recognize this reflection of God's perfection, and refer it in praise and adoration to the Creator. 539-592). It is on this account that one convulsion following upon another has marked the passage of the centuries, down to the revolution of our own days. Thus, aware of the universal desire for peace, the leaders of Communism pretend to be the most zealous promoters and propagandists in the movement for world amity. XXIII, 1931, pp. Above all other reality there exists one supreme Being: God, the omnipotent Creator of all things, the all-wise and just Judge of all men. Still more important as a remedy for the evil we are considering, or certainly more directly calculated to cure it, is the precept of charity. He also calls for the reconstruction of the social order based on the principles of solidarity and subsidiarity. If social justice be satisfied, the result will be an intense activity in economic life as a whole, pursued in tranquillity and order. Furthermore, where a secular priest or religious is obliged by his office to administer temporal property, let him remember that he is not only to observe scrupulously all that charity and justice prescribe, but that he has a special obligation to conduct himself in very truth as a father of the poor. 19. Many of the positions in Rerum novarum were supplemented by later encyclicals, in particular Pius XI's Quadragesimo anno (1931), John XXIII's Mater et magistra (1961) and John Paul II's Centesimus annus (1991). The explanation lies in the fact that too few have been able to grasp the nature of Communism. It is not true that there exists no lawful social hierarchy. These groups have refused to understand that Christian charity demands the recognition of certain rights due to the workingman, which the Church has explicitly acknowledged. Nor can society systematically void these rights by making their use impossible. In this same Encyclical of Ours We have shown that the means of saving the world of today from the lamentable ruin into which a moral liberalism has plunged us, are neither the class-struggle nor terror, nor yet the autocratic abuse of State power, but rather the infusion of social justice and the sentiment of Christian love into the social-economic order. 30. Divini Illius Magistri, Dec. 31, 1929 (A.A.S., Vol. 28. We bid you be mindful of your responsibility. [49] While the promises of the false prophets of this earth melt away in blood and tears, the great apocalyptic prophecy of the Redeemer shines forth in heavenly splendor: "Behold, I make all things new. Or of those Catholic industrialists who even to this day have shown themselves hostile to a labor movement that We Ourselves recommended? Ethics are based on religion and this is the realm where the Church meets industrial soci… This, Venerable Brethren, is the doctrine of the Church, which alone in the social as in all other fields can offer real light and assure salvation in the face of Communistic ideology. . 31. Catholic Action is in effect a social apostolate also, inasmuch as its object is to spread the Kingdom of Jesus Christ not only among individuals, but also in families and in society. The poor are obviously more exposed than others to the wiles of agitators who, taking advantage of their extreme need, kindle their hearts to envy of the rich and urge them to seize by force what fortune seems to have denied them unjustly. These words are no vain consolation, a promise as empty as those of the Communists. Unlike Leo XIII, who addressed the condition of workers, Pius XI discusses the ethical implications of the social and economic order. With paternal affection We exhort these valuable organizations also tO dedicate themselves to the great mission of which We have been treating, a cause which today transcends all others in vital importance. Communism is intrinsically wrong, and no one who would save Christian civilization may collaborate with it in any undertaking whatsoever. Pius XI proclaims private property to be essential for the development and freedom of the individual. Encycl. The State must take every measure necessary to supply employment, particularly for the heads of families and for the young. Quadragesimo Anno. To be sure of eternal life, therefore, and to be able to help the poor effectively, it is imperative to return to a more moderate way of life, to renounce the joys, often sinful, which the world today holds out in such abundance; to forget self for love of the neighbor. [11], CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Last edited on 13 December 2020, at 20:14, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quadragesimo_anno&oldid=994037064, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, On the reconstruction of the social order, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 20:14. Encycl. . With eyes lifted on high, our Faith sees the new heavens and the new earth described by Our first Predecessor, St. Even on Sundays and holy days, labor-shifts were given no time to attend to their essential religious duties. On the contrary, laicism was actively and persistently promoted, with the result that we are now reaping the fruits of the errors so often denounced by Our Predecessors and by Ourselves. Sharpen the antagonisms which arise between the various classes of society social doctrine of the Soviet We... 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As long as you did it not to eat ; I was hungry and you gave me to!

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