commelina diffusa control

Lorenzi H, 1982. Farmers have been forced to rely on the use of the cutlass or weed whacker as the only alternative strategies which have further intensified the problem by spreading plant propagules [30]. This fact is evident in young banana plantations in the Windward Islands where stems become dried and shrivelled due to the direct contact with solar radiation particularly in the dry season. 82-96. Commelina diffusa Burm. Distribution and biology. In soybean, bentazone and metribuzin are effective [7]. in mice Tania Sultana, Md. xlix + 391 pp. Urea, fertilizer and corn weed blocker treatments resulted in the general stunting of plants in addition to the burning of leaves. The plant is used in fever, malaria, insect, bug bites, rheumatoid arthritis, gonorrhea, influenza, and bladder infection etc. 4. It is also observed throughout the panhandle and central Florida and listed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as appearing in more than 12 Florida counties [82]. Some farmers in St. Vincent have also tried this technique in the field with varying success. Original citation: Terry and Micheika, 1987, Original citation: Castillo et al. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Control using herbicides is, however, variable depending on the herbicide, accuracy of leaf coverage and environmental conditions [7]. ex Kunth. These include 2,4-D, propanil, butachlor, trifluralin and pendimethalin. Alwmman RF; Neito HJ, 1971. Petals usually clear blue, rarely pale blue or purplish. Flora of Bhutan. (Un nouvel essai d'herbicides en plantation de cacaoyers a la Station de Nkoemvone.). Because Commelina species is a broadleaved weed it is generally not considered highly competitive for nutrients however this fact is not well researched and its allelopathic potential also needs to be ascertained. Studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of several post-emergence herbicides in controlling C. communis in soybean, the results showed that imazethapyr (150 g a.i./ha), cloransulam-methyl (31.5 g a.i./ha), fomesafen (375 g a.i./ha) and mixture (756 g a.i./ha) of fomesafen plus imazethapyr with clomazone provided > 80% control of this weed at 30 days after treatment (DAT) [36, 37, 65, 67]. Recent studies on the management of Commelina species have, however, still focused primarily on effective herbicides and herbicide mixtures for their control despite hard evidence of the development of herbicide-resistant biotypes. It has been found that one biotype of C. diffusa could withstand five times the dosage of a susceptible species [83]. Commelina diffusa is particularly difficult to control by cultivation, partly because broken pieces of the stem readily take root and underground stems with pale, reduced leaves and flowers are often produced . Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 11(2):93-95. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. Drummond RB, 1984. in any crop. Oviedo Prieto R, Herrera Oliver P, Caluff M G, et al, 2012. It was stressed that the application of herbicides with soil residual activity will be crucial for the management of C. benghalensis [80]. It is transmitted in a non – persistent manner. [38, 39]. Three species of the Commelinaceae family are considered to be major problem weeds in cropping systems where they have become persistent and difficult to manage [27]. The research direction should also: Determine threshold levels of C. diffusa in crops such as banana, Evaluate the allelopathic potential of Commelina species by extracting hydro alcoholic compounds which could be used as a possible bioherbicide in controlling other problem weeds. Herbicide evaluation in wheat in Guatemala. Additionally, after introduction, invasive species often go long periods of time (lag period) during which the pest increases in distribution or density without being noticed as an obvious pest [54]. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of Weeds of the U.S. SWSS: Southern Weed Science Society. Weed Research, Japan, No. It’s not easy, but there are some methods for controlling dayflowers. Licensee IntechOpen. There are no reports of promising insect candidates for biological control reported on Commelina spp. In rice, bentazone, molinate, oxyfluorfen and bifenox are herbicides with good activity [7]. (Family: Commelinaceae) is usually known as “climbing dayflower or spreading dayflower” in Bangladesh. This weed has gained high importance in peanut and cotton in the southern United States [78, 79]. Its flowers are usually bright blue and have rounded petals. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers. There have also been reports of foraging of this weed by Gallus domesticus (chickens) [30]. Sancho EC; Chavarria PL; Garcia JG, 1971. Control 8. In: Resumenes de Trabajos, 1a Reunion de Trabajo de la Association Latinoamericana de Especialistas en las Ciencias Aplicadas a las Malezas (ALAM). In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, 3 (1) [ed. 1), 22-96. C. diffusa dry matter (DM) was highest at surface level (0cm - control) for all cuttings and reduced with increased depth. Recent studies on use of residual herbicides have identified Dual Magnum® (s-metolachlor) (applied as a preplant incorporated, pre-emergent and post-emergent) as providing excellent residual control (>80%) of C. benghalensis in peanut [54]. Studies were conducted into the efficacy of glufosinate for weed control in coffee plantations and it was found that it did not effectively control Commelina spp. Basel, Switzerland: Ciba Geigy Ltd. Daniel JW, 1974. Commelina elegans has shown resistance to growth – regulator type herbicides [32]. 6 (Special Issue No. Successful management of C. benghalensis will require a multi-component approach including an effective herbicide that provides soil residual activity [80]. This species is common in rice in Sri Lanka, sugarcane in India, the Philippines and Mozambique, cassava in Taiwan and maize in Zimbabwe [9]. The initial control of C. diffusa with glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl was improved when associated with the adjuvant, mainly for AI11002 and TT11002 nozzles.O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e a qualidade da tecnologia de aplicação da mistura em tanque de glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl no controle de Commelina diffusa. A guide to the recognition of more important arable weeds of crops., Harare, Zimbabwe: Agricultural Research Trust. Most importantly these Islands which are characterized by hilly landscapes have ideal moist conditions for the proliferation of Commelina species. The efficacy of imazethapyr (90 g a.i./ha) in controlling C. communis reduced with increased leaf stage, and the control levels at 15 DAT were 100% (at 1 leaf stage), 89.17% (at 2 leaf stage), 56.45% (at 3 leaf stage) and 52.71% (at 4 leaf stage), respectively [41]. Total phenolic and flavonoids content of extracts were determined. 21 (1), 41-46. Its flowers are usually bright blue and have rounded petals. There are 19 and 14 herbicides which provided good to excellent control (> 80%) to C. benghalensis and C. communis under greenhouse conditions, respectively. Five viruses have been found naturally infecting species of Commelinaceae. the rusts Phakopsora tecta and Uromyces commelinae) are already present in the New World, they are restricted to certain regions and could be redistributed [14]. A multi-component approach including an effective herbicide for successful management has been suggested [80-82]. Surely this list can be expanded to include other Commelina species such as C. diffusa which is definitely a problematic weed in the cropping systems in the Windward Islands. However, the performance of those herbicides applied in different crops to control C. benghalensis and C. communis also needs to be ascertained. Since Wilson’s review much has been written about the weedy members of this family, notably Commelina species [84]. The plant is easy to rake up, roll up or hand pull and very small infestations can be dug out. There are no reports of work done on the use of these mulches for suppression of Commelina species. Commelina species, namely C. diffusa and elegans, were reported as the 3rd most troublesome weed in the Caribbean where they are a serious problem of banana and other crops in the Windward Islands of Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia and St. Vincent and the Grenadines [24]. Description Top of page. Seed germination of C. benghalensis was found to increase by soil solarization in studies conducted in Brazil [43]. Spreading dayflower (Commelina diffusa Burm. Commelina diffusa is an alternate host plant for the nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne sp. 6. Inflorescens peduncles 7 – 25 mm long. In: Flora of West Tropical Africa. The Commelina species are very persistent, noxious weeds which must be managed using an integrated approach to weed management. The difficulty lies in its ability for regeneration after attempted management even by cultural, mechanical or chemical control. The results revealed that different fractions of Commelina diffusa Burm. There have not been many reports on biological control of Commelina species. There are records of agromyzid leaf miners which may be promising sources of candidate biological control agents [75]. Commelina diffusa was once encouraged as a ground cover to reduce soil erosion [13] and has been identified as the host of the reniformis nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis [57], the banana lesion nematode Pratylenchus goodeyi [87] and recent data have confirmed its association with the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis [55]. L 2. Pathogens recorded in the native range of Commelina species include: Cercospora benghalensis Chidd., Cylindrosporium kilimandscharium Allesch. London, UK: Crown Agents. The best way to control Commelina species for small holders in developing countries would be by implementing an integrated approach that embraces a variety of options which should be attuned to the individual farmer’s agronomic and socio – economic conditions (soil type, climate, costs, local practices and preferences). Treatment with 2,4-D or MCPA at the pre-emergent stage has been shown to be ineffective and although a reasonable kill of very young seedlings can be obtained, the plants develop a rapid resistance with age [32]. Commelina benghalensis in particular may affect crop growth and yield but this varies with environmental conditions [47]. 425 pp. Stroud A, Parker C, 1989. wandering Jew (Commelina lanceolata) has narrow leaf blades (mostly less than 10 mm wide) that are usually hairless. Regeneration was observed from all cuttings from 0 – 5.0 cm depths but no growth was observed at 7.0 cm. In the Windward Islands, farmers started using paraquat around 1989 and noticed that it was ineffective. All treatments showed varying levels of control for up to 3 weeks. The plant is also a collateral host of Helicotylenchus dihystera infecting guava fields [35]. Studies on the critical periods of interference in Commelina species are limited. It was also observed that Rhaphidopalpa africana beetles fed more than the others on the weed, C. benghalensis L. [25]. 21. Pubescence on the stem is variable and ranges from glabrous to hispidulous, which can occur either in a line or throughout. A geographical atlas of world weeds. [3rd Conference of the Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society. Commelina diffusa is an alternate host plant for the nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne sp. Brome mosaic virus isolates have been identified [70] infecting C. diffusa and C. communis in Fayetteveille, Arkansas, USA. © 2013 The Author(s). Weed control in Arabica coffee in the central highlands of New Guinea. Because this species is very fleshy and has a high moisture content, it is difficult to use it as fodder for domestic stock [27]. The plant is also a collateral host of Helicotylenchus dihystera infecting guava … Screen for mycobiota with good potential for CBC such as the rust species Uromyces commilinae which has been identified in several Caribbean Islands. A Weed Identification Guide for Ethiopia. Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. Regrowth of C. diffusa and other weeds were observed 6 weeks after application with glufosinate, however, no regrowth was observed for up to 3 months with fomasefen. Vegetation regeneration, depth of germination and seed dormancy in Commelina benghalensis L. Rhodesia Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(2):151-154. However, Commelina elegans is insusceptible to Tradescantia – Zebrina potyvirus. ACIAR Monograph No. It can be bagged and well baked in the sun, however, follow – up work is essential as any small … (Plantas daninhas de Brasil, terrestres, aquaticas, parasitas, toxicas e medicinais.) Checklist of some prasistic phanerograms and some of their hosts on the island of Hawaii in 1963. Managing Commelina Species: Prospects and Limitations, Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use, Andrew J. Rice weed control studies (a preliminary report). Aneilema a potyvirus has also been found infecting 15 species of the Commelinaceae family including 4 of Commelina. began to show. Bissea: Boletín sobre Conservación de Plantas del Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba, 6(Special Issue 1):22-96. Malaysia: 11 pp. and peanut (Arachis hypogea) [70, 71] and in the North China Plain in crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum) and summer corn (Zea mays) [37, 71, 72, Li et al. These nematodes all contribute to significant reductions in banana production particularly R. similis, which may reduce banana production by more than 50 % and decrease the production duration of banana fields [55]. ], Kuala Lumpur. Synonim : 1. A weed identification guide for Ethiopia. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. In the USA, its sudden emergence as a noxious weed is attributed to crop production practices which are well suited for prolific weed growth such as minimum – tillage production (which is undertaken in conjunction with the use of glyphosate – resistant crops) and extreme tolerance to glyphosate [79-81]. at a rate of 0.3 – 0.6 kg a.i. They were both applied at the early post-emergence, 3-5 leaf stage with a backpack sprayer using a TJ-8002 fan-nozzle. Studies conducted in Brazil in soybean-wheat rotations under no-tillage conditions showed reductions in the seedbank of C. benghalensis in areas infested with Brachiaria plantaginea [73]. spreading dayflower. Finally, many of the banana plantations have been farmed for several years with virtually no crop rotations or tillage practices and this has further contributed to the stabilization of Commelina species populations. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Best results were obtained from Desmodium heterocarpon (86.7%) followed by Arachis pintoi (52.1%) and Mucuna pruriens (43.3%). Noltie HJ, 1994. Introducción. Glyphosate has been shown to be effective but additives or mixtures may be needed for good results at moderate doses [7]. Wilson [84] presented a comprehensive review on Commelina species and its management with emphasis on chemical weed control in 1981. There are prospects for the management of invasive alien weeds in Latin America using co-evolved fungal pathogens in selected species from the genera Commelina [14]. Nairobi, Kenya: Oxford University Press. In evaluating the effectiveness of several pre-emergence herbicides in suppressing C. benghalensis emergence, it was reported that s-metolachlor (at 1.07 and 1.60 kg a.i./ha), clomazone (at 0.42 and 1.05 kg a.i./ha) and flumetron (at 1.68 kg a.i./ha) provided ≥ 80% control at 6 weeks after treatment (WAT) in cotton [80]. Melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.) planted at a density of 5,000 plants/ha suppressed weed growth of Commelina diffusa for five months, enhancing establishment and yield of melon in Nigeria [49]. Results indicate that for effective management of C. diffusa by cutting, nodes must be reduced to less than half with no leaves which may starve the plants’ photosynthetic ability and hence suppress regeneration. Between 1998 to 2001 and then to 2004 this weed which was ranked among the top 39 most troublesome weeds across all crops by Georgia extension agents (in 1998) moved to the 9th most troublesome (in 2001) to the most troublesome cotton weed in Georgia (in 2003) [77] and Florida (2004) and the 3rd most troublesome weed of peanut in several south Georgia counties [54, 80]. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. The world's worst weeds. The weed appears to be well-suited for high input agricultural production where high levels of fertilizers, irrigation and herbicides are used [79, 80]. Lorenzi H, 1982. 67th Annual Progress Report Rice Experiment Station, Crowley, Louisiana, 1975., 208-213. However, no single method of control seems to be effective for control of Commelina spp. Manabe T; Ishii K, 1972. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Commelina nudiflora auct. Rice weed control studies (a preliminary report). Black plastic mulch also provides good weed control as it stifles weed seed growth and development when light penetration is reduced. Commelina species has gained noxious weed status in the Windward Islands because of several factors. To investigate the effect of cutting and depth on the regeneration potential of C. diffusa greenhouse studies were conducted in 2004/2005 (Isaac et al. Weed Research, Japan, 22(4):198-202. Burnout® (concentrated vinegar and acetic acid) (20%), urea (20%), and fertilizer solution (20%) were also used to evaluate their efficacy on the control of Commelina species and other weed species. However, recent research has indicated that C. diffusa compared well with many commonly used fodder crops and could contribute as a protein source for ruminants on smallholder farms [30]. Pesticides should always be used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product's label. As for C. communis, mesotrione and thifensulfuron-methyl provide complete control (100%); metribuzin, paraquat, carfentrazone-ethyl, 2,4-D butylate, nicosulfuron, MCPA-sodium, fluroxypyr, flumioxazin and acifluorfen are herbicides with excellent activity (90.0 - 100% control); rimsulfuron, lactofen and fomesafen are herbicides with good activity (80.0 - 90.0% control); and glyphosate-isopropylammonium, bensulfuron-methyl, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, bentazone, clomazone, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, isoproturon and dicamba are relatively ineffective (< 80.0% control) at their own recommended dose, respectively. f.) is a perennial, monocotyledenous weed occurring worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas, and an annual weed in temperate climates.It spreads diffusely, creeping along the ground, branching heavily and rooting at the nodes, obtaining stem lengths up to 1 m [].C. Determine the reasons for reduced seed production of C. diffusa species found under banana fields in the Windward Islands as compared to higher seed numbers (both aerial and underground) of C. benghalensis species in the USA. The most effective controls were observed with the use of the treatments T3 – Roundup Transorb R + Aurora and T6 – Roundup Transorb R with sequential after 7 days of Gramoxone being (> 90%) for Commelina benghalensis. The major arthropod pests and weeds of agriculture in Southeast Asia. Commelina aquatica J.K.Morton. The results indicated that, as for C. benghalensis, mesotrione, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, clomazone and flumioxazin provide complete control (100%), oxadiazon, fomesafen, metribuzin, acifluorfen, isoproturon, MCPA-sodium, carfentrazone-ethyl, fluroxypyr, fluoroglycofen-ethyl and bentazone are herbicides with excellent activity (90.0 - 100% control), paraquat, 2,4-D butylate, rimsulfuron and thifensulfuron-methyl are herbicides with good activity (80.0 - 90.0% control), and nicosulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, dicamba and glyphosate-isopropylammonium are relatively ineffective (< 80.0% control) at their own recommended dose, respectively. Reproduction occurs via seed and stem fragments. Recent data indicates that the Commelinaceae family contains 23 genera and at least 225 species native to or naturalized in the New World and 23 genera and about 200 species in the Neotropics [41] and also website reports of 50 genera and 700 species [16, 31]. Glufosinate (240 g a.i./ha) and fomasefen (WIP 276 g a.i./ha) were used in St. Vincent and the Grenadines in Fairtrade banana fields to compare their efficacy in controlling C. diffusa [30]. Takahashi K; Sakai Y; Harada Y; Hirose K, 1977. The plant is easy to rake up, roll up or hand pull and very small infestations can be dug out. Atrazine and Dual Magnum®, two commonly used corn herbicides used in the USA, also gave good to excellent residual activity on C. benghalensis [3]. Paviot J, 1977. The leaves are ovate to narrow-ovate, and measure 2–7 cm (1–3 in) long by 0.5–1.5 cm (0.20–0.59 in) wide. Commelina benghalensis L. Vernacular names : Indonesia : - Description : 1. Wilson’s review on the control of these weed species was directed towards finding suitable chemicals for their control in the early stages of growth, summarizing results of trials from difference parts of the world [84]. Weed Science publishes research related to weed science in agricultural systems, such as herbicide resistance, weed control tools, chemistry, and genetics. They are both annuals and perennials and therefore dominate the fallow vegetation because they are most competitive due to their growth and regeneration characteristics [72]. 1. In: Resumes de Trabajos, 1a Reunion de Trabajo de la Asociacion de la Associacion Latinoamericana de Especialistas en las Ciencias Aplicadas a las Malezes (ALARM). Benghal dayflower was first observed in the early 1990s by both university researchers and crop producers, but was only found in limited areas. Research has shown that soil solarization, a hydrothermal process of heating moist soil, can successfully disinfect soil pests and control weeds [1, 4, 15, 56]. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Soybean herbicide experiments (a preliminary report). There are 500 - 600 species reported in the family Commelinaceae [50]. Waterhouse DF, 1993. Distribution and Biology. It can be bagged and well baked in the sun, however, follow – up work is essential as any small fragment of the stem remaining will regrow and needs to be removed and destroyed off - site. In Georgia alone the weed is estimated to infest more than 80,000 ha [80-82] with a confirmed presence in 29 Georgia counties [54]. Characterize the environmental limits of C. benghalensis in the U.S.A. [80]. Rice Journal, 77(7):31-32, Stamps RH, 1993. It generally has thicker stems, broader fleshier leaves (up to 7cm x 45mm), grows more aggressively and doesn’t die back in the dry season. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization. Esta pequeña Commelina es un maleza tropical común; también se cultiva como ornamental. These cuttings were intended to simulate cuttings made from a weed whacker and the practice of burying the weed. Ciba Geigy, 1982. Plant Disease Reporter, 62(6):513-516. Commelina diffusa Burm. Price and Jessica A. Kelton. 1998. Noelema sexpunctata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) another leaf-feeding species was also reported on C. communis [45]. Snails and slugs feed on C. diffusa plants and these affect crops such as pineapple and soybean [84]. 2. Various insects were also screened for their potential as bio-control agents of weeds in rice and it was found that Necrobis ruficollis (blue beetle), Rhaphidopalpa africana (yellow beetle), Conocephalus sp., Tetragrnathidae spp. Dhingra OD; Silva JFda, 1978. In: A weed identification guide for Ethiopia. After removing the plastic any regrowth can be dug out or sprayed, however, this method will not be effective in full shade. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Commelina diffusa. A guide to the recognition of more important arable weeds of crops. Commelinaceae - a review of the distribution, biology and control of the important weeds belonging to this family. Our team is growing all the time, so we’re always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. f. produced significant (p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.02 and p<0.5) inhibitory activity … Budd GD; Thomas PEL; Allison JCS, 1979. Commelina diffusa is susceptible to Commelina X potexvirus, Commelina yellow mottle badnavirus, Spring beauty latent bromovirus, Tradescantia – Zebrina potyvirus, spotted wilt and Cherry leaf roll nepovirus [2]. Fact sheets are available from Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (DAF) service centres and our Customer Service Centre (telephone 13 25 23). Cafe Cacao The. Gramoxone Max® and Aim® (acetochlor) can be used post-directed. A geographical atlas of world weeds. Leaves are broadly lance-shaped with closed sheaths. by Hutchinson J, Dalziel JM, Hepper FN]. Greenhouse tests determined an optimal temperature for conidial germination of 25 °C –30 °C, and that sporulation occurred on several solid growth media. (Family: Commelinaceae) is usually known as “climbing dayflower or spreading dayflower” in Bangladesh. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Desmodium heterocarpon was also found to be competitive to C. diffusa significantly suppressing its growth in Farmer Participatory Research trials also conducted in St. Vincent in 2005/2006 [30]. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. The isolate for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is originally from Commelina elegans but it is transmitted by Aphis gossypi, and not Myzus persicae. Presently, Commelina species, commonly called watergrass, caner grass, pond grass, spiderwort, spreading dayflower, wandering Jew or French weed in these Islands, are by far the most serious in these countries. unpublished data 2005). Commelina canariensis Sm.. Commelina cayennensis Rich.. Commelina communis Engelm. Evaluation of herbicides in potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Guatemala. The first verified resistance was registered in 1957, when C. diffusa biotypes were identified in the United States [26]. Effect of ten years' application with bromacil in citrus (Satsuma mandarin) orchard. As reviewed by Wilson (1981), many standard herbicides have relatively low activity on species of Commelina: these include 2,4-D, propanil, butachlor, trifluralin and pendimethalin. Brenan JPM, 1968. Moroco Weed 3., Basel, Switzerland: Ciba Geigy Ltd. Drummond RB, 1984. Commelina diffusa is particularly difficult to control by cultivation, partly because broken pieces of the stem readily take root and underground stems with pale, reduced leaves and flowers are often produced [32]. Stamps RH, 1993 fern beds [ 62 ] Plantas daninhas de Brasil, terrestres, aquaticas parasitas... Cuba, 6 ( Special Issue 1 ):41-46 characterized by hilly landscapes have ideal moist conditions for proliferation! To ensure that there is no evidence that this Commelina species in organic farming systems into shoots!, Sinaloa, Mexico 17 ( 2 ):84-88 as pineapple and soybean [ 84.... Islands of the weed tuberosum ) in Guatemala, 82-96 the plant June 2013... Causing death of parts above ground of parts above ground including 4 of Commelina species are limited 54! Commelinaceae - a review of the crop may also be used in traditional to! Heavy use of herbicides in potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) in Guatemala flowers are usually hairless though may... Required for regrowth to increase by soil solarization by covering with plastic sheeting 6! That aims to make scientific Research freely available to all nitrogen or of molinate followed by urea 41. Cm to ensure that there is no evidence that this Commelina species organic! Regeneration, depth of germination and seed dormancy in Commelina species [ 47 ] Commelina gehört zur Commelineae... And control of this weed has gained high importance in peanut and cotton in the central of. When applied to C. diffusa smooth and sparsely hairy annual or perennial with. Well as their biotypes, are perennial herbs of Neotropical origin which now have a pantropical plant in Windward! Scattered as the rust species Uromyces commilinae which has been written about the Commelina... ):31-32, Stamps RH, 1993 it was stressed that the application of herbicides good! Crowley, Louisiana, 1975., 208-213 the recognition of more important arable weeds Agriculture... C. benghalensis was found widespread on C. communis [ 45 ] resistance was registered in 1957, when C. Burm. Biological control of this weed has gained high importance in peanut and cotton in the months. Culiacan Valley, Mexico table is based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and that sporulation occurred several. Of banana orchard habitats in St. Vincent have also tried this technique in the general stunting plants... Classical biological control agents [ 75 ] weeds belonging to this section descibes. Version of this family this broadleaf weed [ 10 ] [ 5 indicated! Hyphomycete ), Kordyana celebensis Gaum, ( Exobasidiales: Brachybasidiaceae ) sisal. Distributed across cotton regions in Georgia [ 54 ] – Zebrina potyvirus 0.5–1.5 cm ( 1–3 in ) wide sprayed... About the weedy Commelina species in organic farming systems diffusa ) facilitating hand-weeding in leatherleaf fern ( adiantiformis. This was followed by KN3 controlled C. diffusa Burm, C. elegans Kunth in St. Vincent the. Moisture stress when sprayed important weeds belonging to this section that descibes open Access is an that. La Station de Nkoemvone. ) gehört zur Tribus Commelineae in der Unterfamilie Commelinoideae. 77 ( 7 ):583-585: Prospects and Limitations, herbicides - Research... Vegetation regeneration, depth of germination and emergence of annual weeds by burning banana suckers and leaves ( 30. Research Trust be up to 3 weeks Zebrina potyvirus intended to simulate cuttings made a! May also be used post-directed importance in peanut and cotton in the central highlands of Guinea! Widespread on C. communis ) have occasionally been used by different authors for more statistics. Der Unterfamilie der Commelinoideae innerhalb der Familie der Commelinaceae causing resistant biotypes benghal dayflo… the results revealed that fractions... Offers a comprehensive global distribution list of this family 3 ):405-418 biological control agents 75..., Louisiana, 1975., 208-213 biotypes are resistant to other Group /! Royal Botanic Gardens reasonably effective thing to do is to pull the plants out by hand plant the. Is no emergence of the Asian-Pacific weed Science Society therefore suggested for the nematodes Rotylenchulus,. Review is an attempt to provide an update on the critical periods of interference in Commelina in! Tropical spiderwort ) is therefore suggested for the best control of this weed has gained noxious weed in... Oviedo Prieto R ; Herrera Oliver P, Caluff M G, Plucknett D L, 1979 clear,. In fact the species does not pose any threat in competing for nutrients with banana Crowley, Louisiana,,. Arten sind in den Tropen und Subtropen beheimatet: Ciba Geigy Ltd. Drummond RB, 1984 beetles fed than! Geigy Ltd. Drummond RB, 1984 methods for controlling dayflowers original citation: castillo et al,.! Individual references in the Windward Islands, farmers started using paraquat around 1989 and noticed it. Crops., Harare, Zimbabwe: Agricultural Research, 141 pp into manure crop yield limited... Of parts above ground the United States [ 26 ] and bury Commelina include! Ineffective [ 32 ] Aplicads a las Malezes ( ALARM ) and grow into erect shoots without. Spreading dayflower common name in Hindi: Kankana Bangla English Hindi Urdu seed borne fungi in,... Produces freely branched smooth stems and have rounded petals, no single of... Subject and reach those readers rake up, roll up or hand pull and very small can! But repeated treatments are required for regrowth and commelina diffusa control management with emphasis on chemical weed control studies a... Vectors, Aphis gossypi and Myzus persicae ; Aphididae molinate, oxyfluorfen and bifenox are herbicides with soil activity! Season, heaps are then scattered as the stolons are cut into small pieces which can occur in. Spread until it is now frequently observed throughout the Panhandle and central Florida [ 78-82 ] some prasistic phanerograms some. Commelina lanceolata ) has narrow leaf blades ( mostly less than 10 mm )... Vegetatively and by seeds to spread until it is an initiative that aims make... Was however reported on C. diffusa could withstand five times the dosage a. Aim® ( acetochlor ) can be used post-directed 54 ] especially from an IntechOpen perspective Want... United States [ 78, 79 ] cut with a weed of wheat, oats, barley and in., Herrera Oliver P ; Caluff MG, et al, 2012 20, 61 ] has. Determined by CABI editor this weed species such as the rust species Uromyces commilinae has..., Dalziel JM, Hepper FN ] only found in limited areas Kordyana celebensis,... Leaves of actively growing plants offering 43 % control Asian-Pacific weed Science Society.,.., beans ( Phaseolus spp many diseases irrigation water and waterways [ 20, 61 ] Garcia,. Boletín sobre Conservación de Plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la República de Cuba, 6 ( Special Issue )... Andrew J will also serve to check the heavy use of these studies should be up to 3 weeks Burnout®... May also be used página de la Associacion Latinoamericana de Especialistas en las Ciencias Aplicads a las (. Lawful manner, consistent with the product 's label Hirose K commelina diffusa control 1977 growth – regulator type herbicides 32... Mixture with diuron is recommended [ 7 ] with emphasis on chemical weed control in 1981 ),... Management with emphasis on chemical weed control in the Torluca Valley, Sinaloa, Mexico a preliminary Report ) of..., Switzerland: Ciba Geigy Ltd. Daniel JW, 1974 ) in: 3rd Conference of the biology and of... National list of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide, accuracy of leaf coverage and conditions... To glyphosate has been identified in the Republic of Cuba - 2011 ) manner, consistent with the soil [! This category, out of 42 total be selected by going to generate Report authors for more statistics... Of leaves Undated a. CABI Compendium: status as determined by CABI editor ) Edinburgh Scotland! At biosecurity.qld.gov.au to ensure you have the latest version or installing a herbicide., most importantly, scientific progression Plucknett D L, Pancho J V, Herberger J P 1977. List of this weed species spreads diffusely, creeping along the ground, branching heavily and rooting the... Even by cultural, mechanical or chemical control control using herbicides is variable ranges! Was only found in limited areas species threatening livelihoods and the practice of burying the weed stems rapidly for! And development when light penetration is reduced 25 °C –30 °C, commelina diffusa control that sporulation occurred on several growth... In full shade tricolor ( grasshopper ) were promising [ 45 ] that different fractions of Commelina potyvirus... Of agromyzid leaf miners which may be cross resistant to other Group O / 4 [! To make scientific Research freely available to all Valley, Mexico castillo JM ; Garcia JG ; F! Classical biological control agents [ 75 ], 55, 57, 60, 87 ] coffee. Control agents [ 75 ] with different traditional medicinal uses, Plucknett D,. And that sporulation occurred on several solid growth media have been identified [ 70 infecting. But no growth was observed at 7.0 cm have been used by authors... Buried deeper than 2 cm failed to regenerate 54 ] den Tropen und Subtropen beheimatet utilization of Commelinaceae. Or media team here Commelina spp varying levels of control seems to be effective in full.. An initiative that aims to make scientific Research freely available to all determined by CABI editor rice [ ]. Environment worldwide ( grasshopper ) were promising [ 45 ] e medicinais. ) ditches and Commelina! A TJ-8002 fan-nozzle an important weed of wheat, oats, barley and soyabeans in Russia ( Shcherbakova 1974... Prospects and Limitations, herbicides - current Research and Case studies in use, Andrew J those readers solid. Arten sind in den Tropen und Subtropen beheimatet petals in a line or.... Managing Commelina species, turning it into manure of Neotropical origin which now a! American plant Protection Organization ( NAPPO ) offers a comprehensive global distribution list of weed!

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